Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: In Vitro Inhibition of Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Persisters of Staphylococcus aureus by Pinaverium Bromide

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial effect of pinaverium bromide on the planktonic cells of S. aureus and E. faecalis . The S. aureus CHS101 isolate (A) and E. faecalis 16C106 isolate (B) during the logarithmic growth phase were treated with pinaverium bromide for 24 h. The planktonic cells were determined by cfu numbers. The data presented were the average of three independent experiments (mean ± SD). Pin, pinaverium bromide; Lin, linezolid; Van, vancomycin; and Amp, ampicillin. All antimicrobials were used at 4 × MIC.

Article Snippet: Ampicillin sodium (catalogue no. HY-B0522A, purity: ≥98.0%), vancomycin (catalogue no. HY-B0671, purity: 98.11%), linezolid (catalogue no. HY-10394, purity: 99.95%), pinaverium bromide (catalogue no. HY-111613, purity: 99.83%), fluorescent dye DIBAC4(3) (catalogue no. HY-101892, purity: ≥98.0%), and chemicals screening libraries (ID: HY-LD-000001025, containing 1333 chemicals, now as part of the FDA-Approved Drug Library HY-L022) were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: In Vitro Inhibition of Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Persisters of Staphylococcus aureus by Pinaverium Bromide

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effect of pinaverium bromide on the formation of S. aureus and E. faecalis persister cells. The S. aureus CHS101 isolate (A) and E. faecalis 16C106 isolate (B) during stationary growth phase were treated with pinaverium bromide for 120 h. The planktonic cells were determined by cfu numbers. The data presented were the average of three independent experiments (mean ± SD). Pin, pinaverium bromide; Lin, linezolid; Van, vancomycin; and Amp, ampicillin. All antimicrobials were used at 10 × MIC.

Article Snippet: Ampicillin sodium (catalogue no. HY-B0522A, purity: ≥98.0%), vancomycin (catalogue no. HY-B0671, purity: 98.11%), linezolid (catalogue no. HY-10394, purity: 99.95%), pinaverium bromide (catalogue no. HY-111613, purity: 99.83%), fluorescent dye DIBAC4(3) (catalogue no. HY-101892, purity: ≥98.0%), and chemicals screening libraries (ID: HY-LD-000001025, containing 1333 chemicals, now as part of the FDA-Approved Drug Library HY-L022) were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Synthesis and Characterization of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Ampicillin as a Potential Strategy for Combatting Bacterial Biofilm Formation

doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c00140

Figure Lengend Snippet: SNAPicillin preparation via the sequential reaction of ampicillin with a thiolactone derivative of N -acetyl-penicillamine and nitrosation. (A) Synthesis of N -acetyl-penicillamine thiolactone (NAPTH). (B) Covalent immobilization of the NO donor group via thiolactone conjugation of ampicillin, followed by organic nitrosation.

Article Snippet: Sodium ampicillin was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St. Louis, MO).

Techniques: Conjugation Assay

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Synthesis and Characterization of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Ampicillin as a Potential Strategy for Combatting Bacterial Biofilm Formation

doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c00140

Figure Lengend Snippet: SNAPicillin was readily precipitated as (A) a green powder. (B) FTIR characterization of SNAPicillin powder supported the presence of the RSNO group through characteristic bond vibration (1497 cm –1 ) as well as other characteristic peaks consistent with the NO donor precursor NAP. (C) 1 H NMR spectroscopy (400 MHz, CD3OD) of SNAPicillin further demonstrated bond formation and conjugation of NAP to ampicillin.

Article Snippet: Sodium ampicillin was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St. Louis, MO).

Techniques: Spectroscopy, Conjugation Assay

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Synthesis and Characterization of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Ampicillin as a Potential Strategy for Combatting Bacterial Biofilm Formation

doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c00140

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) P. aeruginosa MIC assay revealed that SNAPicillin showed the greatest antimicrobial activity after 24 h treatment, (B) with an MIC 50 value of 250 μM. (C) MRSA MIC assay displayed comparable efficacy, with SNAPicillin showing the highest antimicrobial abilities, (D) but with a higher SNAPicillin concentration of 2 mM showing greater than 50% bacterial killing compared to controls, where ampicillin and SNAP were both ineffective.

Article Snippet: Sodium ampicillin was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St. Louis, MO).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Synthesis and Characterization of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Ampicillin as a Potential Strategy for Combatting Bacterial Biofilm Formation

doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c00140

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reduction of (A) P. aeruginosa and (B) MRSA biofilms grown on CarboSil films for 48 h before treatment with ampicillin, SNAP, and SNAPicillin. Statistical significance is denoted as * ( p < 0.05), ** ( p < 0.01), and **** ( p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: Sodium ampicillin was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St. Louis, MO).

Techniques:

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Synthesis and Characterization of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Ampicillin as a Potential Strategy for Combatting Bacterial Biofilm Formation

doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c00140

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mammalian cell biocompatibility of SNAPicillin was investigated at the effective antimicrobial concentrations and compared to ampicillin and SNAP. Final data are reported as mean relative cellular viability ± SD ( n = 3 independent passages). Statistical significance between ampicillin and SNAPicillin at each concentration is denoted as *( p < 0.05), **( p < 0.01), ***( p < 0.001), and ****( p < 0.0001). Statistical significance between SNAP and SNAPicillin at each concentration is denoted as + ( p < 0.05) and ++++ ( p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: Sodium ampicillin was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St. Louis, MO).

Techniques: Concentration Assay